The peptide accelerates regeneration of intestinal mucosa and submucosa, restores tight junction proteins (claudin-1, occludin, ZO-1) that fail in intestinal permeability syndromes, and increases local blood supply through VEGF-mediated angiogenesis
1 H NMR data are presented with the following: Chemical shifts () are reported in ppm relative to residual solvent peaks as internal standards, multiplicity (s = singlet, d = doublet, t = triplet, q = quartet, m = multiplet and br = broad), coupling constants ( J ) in Hz and integration
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Notably, the authors concluded that despite these differences, the GM largely adapted to the shift in pH