demonstrated dose-dependent proliferation effects on cultured human dermal papilla cells exposed to GHK-Cu at physiologically relevant concentrations.3 Subsequent work has confirmed that this effect translates into upregulation of genes associated with anagen-phase activity including VEGF, FGF-2, and IGF-1, the three growth factors most directly implicated in hair-cycle regulation
Nevertheless, our findings in erythrocytes and previously published in SCD cardiac tissues 46 support that, in addition to inflammation suppression 23 and fetal globin induction 31,63,64 , DMF displays anti-oxidative and ferroptosis stress effects to alleviate SCD clinical severity, and therefore, might be pursued as a new treatment option
M.HeinJ.BytzerP.BjrnssnE.KristensenJ.SchambyeH
Conversely, pathways enriched with downregulated DEGs encompassed PI3K-Akt signaling, calcium signaling, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, cell adhesion molecules, focal adhesion, phagosome, ECM-receptor interaction, cholinergic synapse, hematopoietic cell lineage, and malaria (Fig