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Summary: Yes, incretinsparticularly GLP-1promote feelings of fullness by slowing gastric emptying, acting on brain appetite centres, and reducing hunger signals

Both medication types also commonly influence appetite and weight, as they act on overlapping hormonal and reward pathways in the brain (Srinivasan et al., 2025)

When given by intramuscular injection, the dose bypasses the digestive tract and is absorbed reliably, which matters because dietary B12 absorption depends on stomach acid and a protein called intrinsic factor, both of which decline with age, medication and certain gut conditions

These pathway correlations support the hypothesis that NAMPT modulates SIRT1 and PARP1 to control the cellular functions that promote proliferation and stemness pathways, thus regulating the EMT and tumor dedifferentiation