Intracellular metabolites (GSH, glucose, glucose-6P, pyruvate, succinate) were measured by liquid chromatography (Vanquish HPLC Thermo Scientific) coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (QExactive HF Thermo Scientific)
These calculations use 15-30mcg/kg as the reference range
in press Musenga A, Mandrioli R, Bonifazi P, Kenndler E, Pompei A, Raggi MA: Sensitive and selective determination of glutathione in probiotic bacteria by capillary electrophoresislaser induced fluorescence
T1D and CD T1D and CD have a complex mechanism (Shalimova et al., 2019) but share a disturbance in insulin secretion in blood and sensitivity in insulin receptor (IR) to activate oxidative stress (Newsholme et al., 2016) and inflammatory cascade that causes mitochondrial damage, especially in neuronal and dendritic processes in AD (Khan & Hegde, 2020)