A study evaluating the effectiveness of a 45-day VLEKT in improving acne in 31 young women with moderate acne and grade I obesity showed a reduction in markers of oxidative stress, such as reactive oxygen metabolite derivatives (dROMs), and a decrease in pro-inflammatory metabolites, including trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO)
The combination of vancomycin, neomycin sulfate, metronidazole, ampicillin, and other broad-spectrum antibiotics can alleviate choline-induced atherosclerosis in mice, and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of choline conversion to TMA, the reduction of TMAO levels, and the inhibition of macrophage foaming
L-carnitine proves most beneficial for endurance athletes and those focused on fat loss during physical activity
Antimicrobial Milk kefir can exhibit a strong antimicrobial resistance towards pathogens as supported by a wide range of beneficial microbial communities and fermentation metabolites such as lactic acid, hydrogen peroxide, carbon dioxide, acetaldehyde, and bacteriocins (John & Deeseenthum, 2015)