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To view a copy of this licence, visit About this article Cite this article Werida, R.H., Okda, S.M

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BPC-157 is stable in human gastric juice and has no reported toxicity

2 Molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis in melanoma and its immunomodulatory functions Melanoma is one of the most aggressive cutaneous malignancies with high metastatic potential and poor prognosis, especially in advanced stages where conventional therapies and immunotherapies often face limitations due to intrinsic or acquired resistance ( 2.1 Core biochemical pathways of ferroptosis and their regulation in melanoma Ferroptosis is a distinct form of regulated cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation (LPO), fundamentally driven by the loss of activity of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), which normally detoxifies lipid hydroperoxides ( Melanoma cells exhibit remarkable metabolic plasticity to resist ferroptosis