Unlike growth hormone secretagogues that enhance sleep indirectly through nocturnal GH amplification, both cortistatin and DSIP act on neural circuits that control sleep architecture, making them the only two peptides in current research that can be considered direct sleep-modulating neuropeptides
Foundational Discovery Selective Senolytic Elimination in Aged Mice (Cell, 2017 Baar et al.) FOXO4-DRI Restores Fitness, Fur Density, Renal and Liver Function in Aged Mice The foundational study introducing FOXO4-DRI as a senolytic peptide was published in Cell by Baar and colleagues in 2017
The clearest visible improvements, measurable changes in skin laxity, firmness, and tone, typically come at the eight to twelve week mark
(Wikipedia) In senescent cells (cells that have permanently exited the cellcycle, accumulate damage, and secrete inflammatory factors), FOXO4 expression goes up and helps bind p53 in the nucleus, preventing p53 from driving those cells into apoptosis